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单选题 What is likely to happen if we listen to music when we are sad
学科：大学英语-1(艺专)-2023级
时间：2023-11-28 12:24:37
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题目1提示:你只有一遍提交的机会,建议先在纸质教材上完成,逾期不能补交作业.作业截止后,你可以查看答案解析. Unit 6 Pop Culture Section A Skimming and Scanning Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. The Origins of Common Christmas Traditions A) From counting down the days of December with an advent calendar to decking out a tree in decorations and lights, Christmas is a holiday that's full of traditions. While Christmas means something different for everyone who celebrates, many classic holiday traditions are shared all over the world. Since many traditions date all the way back to ancient times, Christmas today wouldn't be the same without the history that made the holiday what it is. Keep reading for the origins of common Christmas traditions. B) Hanging stockings was popularized by a beloved Christmas poem. The tradition of hanging stockings on the fireplace can be traced back to a story of a widowed man who was worried he could not provide for his three daughters. Nicholas heard about the family's hardships and filled the daughters' stockings, which were drying by the fire, with gold coins. The popularity of the tradition, however, can be attributed to Clement Clarke Moore's poem, "A Visit from St. Nicholas" from 1823. From then on, it was a common practice for children to hang their stockings by the fire on Christmas Eve in the hopes that Santa Claus would fill them with presents. C) The tradition of sending Christmas cards began in England. Whether you print your own cards featuring a family photo or write simple notes to friends and family, chances are, you've sent out a few Christmas cards in your lifetime. D) Today, Christmas cards act as a year-in-review for people to catch up on what their friends and family have been up to, although the tradition has a long history. During the Christmas season in England in 1843, Sir Henry Cole decided that he wanted a way to send a holiday greeting to his friends without having to write individual letters. He had 1,000 illustrated cards printed with the words, "A Merry Christmas and A Happy New Year To You" with space for personalization. This was the beginning of the Christmas card, which isn't too far off from what we do today. E) The tradition of decorating a Christmas tree can be traced back to Germany and the UK. Evergreen trees, which are commonly used as Christmas trees today, have long been thought to be lucky since they remain green even in the dead of winter. F) The modern Christmas tree can be traced back to German Lutherans in the 17th century, and they were first seen in the US in Pennsylvania in the 1820s (When many Germans immigrated), according to TIME. Queen Victoria and Germany's Prince Albert popularized the tradition when a sketch of their family sitting beside decorated Christmas tree was published in the Illustrated London News in 1846. By the late 1800s, Christmas trees had caught on in the US and were often decorated with both homemade ornaments and ones imported from Germany. G) The tradition of kissing under the mistletoe comes from Celtic legend. The tradition of kissing under mistletoe has been popular for centuries, although it dates back to an old Celtic legend. The plant, native to Great Britain and other parts of Europe, is historically believed to bring good luck. Kissing under a mistletoe plant became a holiday tradition during the Victorian era, as doing so was thought to lead to marriage. H) Eating fruitcake for special occasions dates back to the 18th century. According to the New York Times, fruitcake dates back to a food enjoyed by ancient Romans called satura—a mix of barley, pomegranate seeds, nuts, and raisins held together with honey. Some speculate that this dish was invented as a way to preserve fruit. I) According to Smithsonian Magazine, fruitcake gained popularity as a dish for special occasions in the 18th and 19th centuries, when its ingredients were expensive and hard to come by, making it a rare delicacy. Today, people love to hate fruitcake, but it remains a classic part of Christmas cuisine. J) Going caroling has roots in Medieval times. Bundling up and singing popular Christmas songs has long been a tradition during the holiday season. Many religious carols date back to Medieval times, as does the practice of traveling from neighbor to neighbor to wish them good health. The tradition as it relates to Christmas, however, can be traced back to the 19th century. Songbooks with catchy Christmas tunes became popular as the holiday became more commercialized. K) Hiding a pickle in the Christmas tree is originally a German tradition. Weihnachtsgurke, also known as Christmas Pickle, is a popular tradition in the US. Allegedly, it got its start in Germany, though few people there have heard of it. It is said that the tradition began in Germany in the late 1900s, when Germany popularized glass ornaments, though it is more likely that it was a marketing stunt invented by those importing glass decorations from Germany. As part of the tradition, parents hide the easily camouflaged green pickle-shaped ornament on Christmas Eve, and the first child to find it in the morning will have good luck throughout the new year. L) Decorating Christmas cookies is a tradition related to ancient winter solstice celebrations. Decorating Christmas-themed cookies and setting them out by the fireplace for Santa Claus on Christmas Eve is a classic holiday tradition, at least in the US. M) Before today's sugar cookies, snickerdoodles, and gingerbread, ancient civilizations celebrated the winter solstice with desserts. By the Middle Ages, Europeans ate cookie-like desserts made with cinnamon, nutmeg, and dried fruit — ingredients that are still often used in Christmas cookies today. One of the most classic Christmas cookies, the Gingerbread man, was first introduced by Queen Elizabeth I of England who used a mold to shape traditional ginger-flavored cookies. N) Waiting for Santa Claus to deliver presents is a tradition that varies all over the world. In the US he's Santa Claus, in France he's Père Noël, and in Finland, people celebrate the Yule Goat. All over the world, there are many different interpretations of St. Nicholas. The oldest legend of St. Nicholas dates back to 280 A.D. in modern-day Turkey. As the story goes, a monk named St. Nicholas was generous and kind, giving away his wealth to those in need. In the Christian church, his feast day is celebrated on December 6, although the secular version of St. Nick comes around on December 24. New Words 1. feature: v. a prominent part or characteristic e.g. Pine trees were a feature of the landscape. 2. illustrate: v. to make clear by giving or serving as an example or an instance e.g. He illustrated his lecture with stories of his own experiences in the field. 3. occasion: n. a favorable opportunity or circumstance e.g. Roses are the perfect flower for any occasion. 4. rare: adj. seldom occurring or found e.g. The world is full of talkers, but it is rare to find anyone who listens. Phrases and Expressions 1. deck out 打扮 , 装饰 2. be traced back to 追溯到 3. attribute to 把……归因于 , 认为……系某人所为 4. give away 泄露;失去;赠送 5. in need 在危难中;需要帮助的
A. 第1组 1. 1. Sir Henry Cole decided that he wanted to stop sending individual letters to his friends during the Christmas season. ( ) 2. 2. People who celebrate Christmas will wait for Santa to deliver gifts, but this tradition varies from place to place. ( ) 3. 3. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Germany popularized decorated Christmas tree. ( ) 4. 4. The ingredients of the current Christmas cookies share similarities with that of the MiddleAge Christmas cookies. ( ) 5. 5. The popularity of the practice for children to hang their stockings by the fire on Christmas Eve can be attributed to Clement Clarke Moore's poem. ( ) 6. 6. People have always believed that mistletoe can bring good luck. ( ) 7. 7. The birthplace of the oldest legend of St. Nicholas is today's Turkey. ( ) 8. 8. Christmas has different meanings for everyone who celebrates the festival, but there are also many classic holiday traditions that are followed by people around the world. ( ) 9. 9. Fruitcake was a rare delicacy in the 18th and 19th centuries. ( ) 10. 10. Christmas Pickle first started in Germany, and now it has become a popular tradition in the United States. ( )B. 第2组 A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H I. I J. J K. K L. L M. M N. N
题目2单选题
Section B Reading in Depth Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage One Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Netflix's Space Force Looks like a TV Lover's Dream Ever since it was announced well over a year ago, Netflix's Space Force has sounded like a TV lover's dream. Based on President Trump's recently launched military branch of the same name, the show stars Steve Carell and was created with his office collaborator Greg Daniels with the intention of bringing their workplace comedy vibe to a whole new part of the universe. Now, it seems like those TV-lover dreams are coming true. Yesterday, Netflix released a series of images (above) from the show and announced that the series has both a release date—May 29— and a new, previously unannounced cast member: Lisa Kudrow. According to Netflix, Space Force will focus on the role played by Carell Mark R. Naird, a "decorated pilot with dreams of running the Air Force". That plan, though, gets shifted when he is chosen to run the military's new sixth branch. "Skeptical but dedicated, Mark uproots his family and moves to a remote base in Colorado where he and a colorful team of scientists and 'Spacemen' are tasked by the White House with getting American boots on the moon (again) in a hurry and achieving total dominance," the streaming service said in a statement. Kudrow will be playing Carell's wife, someone who "has sublimated parts of herself to her husband's career for two decades. But as he takes on his biggest challenge, she is growing in a different direction". Sounds like a blast. Now to the coronavirus news. The Broadway League, the trade group that represents theater owners and producers, announced this week that shows will remain closed until June 7 due to concerns over Covid-19. That's a two-month extension beyond the original closure timeline, and some show closures could extend through the summer, according to Deadline. New Words 1. launch: v. to throw forward e.g. She launched an arrow at a target. 2. release: v.to set free from restraint, confinement, or servitude e.g. The victim's name will be released pending notification of kin, police said. 3. dedicate: v. to commit to a goal or way of life e.g. He is ready to dedicate his life to public service. Phrases and Expressions 1. take on 承担;呈现;雇用;录用 2. due to 由于;因为 What is the purpose of creating the showA. To expose some truth about the White HouseB. To explain the newly launched military branch to the publicC. To bring the atmosphere of workplace comedy to a whole new worldD. To let everyone know more about the universe
题目3单选题
Who created the show Space ForceA. President Trump and Steve CarellB. Greg Daniels and Mark R. NairdC. Lisa Kudrow and Greg DanielsD. Steve Carell and Greg Daniels
题目4单选题
Which of the statements is true about Lisa KudowA. The role she will play in Space Force uproots her family and moves to a remote base in ColoradoB. She was announced as a cast member of Space Force before May 29C. She will be playing Carell's wife in Space ForceD. The role she will play in Space Force has sublimated parts of herself to her husband's career for three decades
题目5单选题
What does the author think of Space ForceA. It is annoyingB. It is closely related to our daily lifeC. It is not very interestingD. It is much-anticipated
题目6单选题
What is the task of Mark and a colorful team of scientists and "Spacemen" in the showA. To uproot his family and move to a remote base in ColoradoB. To quickly realize the US plan of landing on the moon and achieve complete dominanceC. To run the military's new sixth branchD. To bring their workplace comedy vibe to a whole new part of the universe
题目7单选题
Passage Two Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage. Scientists Discover Pop Music's Secrets to Making You Feel Good Have you ever wondered why certain pop songs just make you feel so good? Researchers studying the question found that the right combination of uncertainty and surprise is what gives listeners the most pleasure. The study, published in the journal Current Biology, involved an analysis of 80,000 chords in 745 pop songs from the US Billboard "Hot 100" chart between 1958 and 1991. The researchers—from institutes in Germany, Norway, Denmark and the UK—used a machine-learning model to quantify the level of uncertainty and surprise of these chords, and then asked 39 adult volunteers to rate how pleasurable they found each series of chords. Each song was stripped of its melody and lyrics so that only chord progressions were left and the results couldn't be skewed by other associations to the songs that listeners might have had. They found two things: that participants derived greater pleasure when they were relatively certain what would happen next but then were surprised by an unexpected chord progression. However, the same number of participants found it pleasant when they were uncertain as to what would follow, and then the subsequent chords were more familiar to them. "It is fascinating that humans can derive pleasure from a piece of music just by how sounds are ordered over time," Vincent Cheung, the lead researcher on the paper from the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Germany, said in a statement. "Songs that we find pleasant are likely those which strike a good balance between knowing what is going to happen next and surprising us with something we did not expect. Understanding how music activates our pleasure system in the brain could explain why listening to music might help us feel better when we are feeling blue." Cheung told CNN that pleasure in music is linked to expectancy. New Words 1. involve: v. to engage as a participant e.g. Many workers involved in building the house. 2. derive: v. to take, receive, or obtain especially from a specified source e.g. Vegetable glycerin can be derived from coconut, soy, or palm. 3. subsequent: adj. following in time, order, or place e.g. An initial coronavirus test came up negative, though a subsequent test was positive for COVID-19. Phrases and Expressions 1. be stripped of 被剥夺 2. be skew by 偏斜 According to the study, what gives listeners the most pleasureA. Melody with familiar chordsB. Unexpected chord progression and surprising lyricsC. The correct combination of uncertainty and surpriseD. Songs with melody and surprising lyrics
题目8单选题
What did the researchers adopt to support their researchA. US BillboardB. Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesC. Current BiologyD. A machine-learning model
题目9单选题
Which of the following statements is true according to their findingsA. Participants derived greater pleasure when they are completely certain about what would happen nextB. Participants who derived greater pleasure were surprised when the next chord progression is unexpectedC. Participants who derived greater pleasure were more familiar to the chordsD. Participants who derived greater pleasure were uncertain as to what would follow all the time
题目10单选题
What is likely to happen if we listen to music when we are sadA. We would feel betterB. We would be angryC. We would fall asleepD. We would think about the future
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